Jeff,
I'll try and answer some of your questions for you (see below).
I'm definitely no expert on DC's - I've just picked them up along the way, and its all self taught.
We are all in the same boat learning as we go along.
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The work you are involved in (kitchen units / kitchen design) would lend itself very nicely to DCs.
DC's take a bit of setting up initially - but you'll get faster creating them and in the long run they save you time.
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I've not seen any Video Tutorials but try and look at Aidan Chopra's Channel on YouTube - he might have done some on DC's:
http://www.youtube.com/user/aidanchopra#p/a
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Another place to start is the SketchUp 7 Manual - download the PDF from the official Google SketchUp website.
From memory, there's a chapter or two on DC's which is quite helpful with examples you can work through.
Downloading and looking at DCs created by others - I also find this very useful - we can learn a lot from each other - there are some very clever people here at Sketchucation !!! There are some very skilled people out there.
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Your Original Questions
- can I set certain parts of a component visible or invisible by choice off a list.
Yes, you can Hide / Unhide Geometry in a DC (See a DC I've created - Staircase Builder, you can Hide / Unhide Risers).
- can I have a few different sub_components that are in the same position as the other sub-components and have the option to show only one by choice on a list.
Yes, you could possibly use IF statements here to help, or use Hide / Unhide as above, or simply just turn layers on or off.
- can I populate a model with multiples of the same component and have different options chosen for each one?
Yes, DC's behave slightly differently to regular Components. eg You place one DC - such as a Kitchen Wall Cabinet - Set variables in a dialog box (Width, Height etc). Copy Component, set new variables for second Cabinet - Original Cabinet remains unchanged - no need to "Make Unique" (Unlike regular Components).
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Checkout Google Warehouse plus DCs on this site - I think there are some DC kitchen cabinets etc available.
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I've also created a Door Builder DC posted in here somewhere.
This will show you how to create opening and closing doors - might look good on your units !!!
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Good Luck
Regards
Howard L'