Mike,

Here is the file. You may need help from others as I don't have experience in some of this geometry--so you might combine these methods with exact layout methods. I took the dimensions given as being on the axis. I did the whole model at 100 times scale and then scaled all of it down (including earlier steps), but I made a new method for some of this at the lower scale and that worked OK. You may want to keep it all at 100 times scale until final output. Save copies of various steps in case you need to backtrack.
I put dimensions in the above picture via LayOut but can dimension with SU or draw temporary lines or guides to check. Just SU dimensioning is difficult for something like this.

I also know NADA about requirements for 3d printing, so others can help you there.

You mention other things that need to be done to the shape. I have to see if I understand those first. IDK if this shape can be made a "solid" but that could help for more "cutting".

Also you mention being able to resize. Might be done. I think perhaps the pitch of the spiral changes if you keep all the other dimensions and change the diameter--if that's OK.

[EDIT: It is not shown in the file. I used the standard method shown in the above videos to create the first spiral: draw a circle (save a copy below for your cylinder etc.), explode the circle, pull up one vertex on blue axis with the move tool. Keep one angled edge, erase the rest. Radial duplicate the angled edge in a complete circle by the segment angle, and move-duplicate all enough times straight up for a complete revolution, choose (triple click) one spiral and erase the rest. "Recurve" the spiral into a curve and scale down to correct vertical interval. If the above videos aren't enough, I can show this too.]

[EDIT: I'm posting a better method, showing minute steps. The outcome is a solid group. And noting here that Screw.rb turns out to work well with this shape and saves a lot of work...but here's the more or less "native" version.]

@gilles said:

With no plugin:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT5r3AQZBnw?

With plugin:
http://sketchucation.com/forums/viewtopic.php?p=122603#p122603

Have good days with SU.

TUBE.skp