DLL callback to ruby

Alienizer

Thanks Dan, but I could use a little more help

I found this...
https://www.ruby-forum.com/topic/83478

but I can't grasp on how to do it!

I can get my C code to call ruby functions in the ruby dll but I can't get it to call a user function in my sketchup .rb script!

I'm not sure how to register the callback, and how to pass the user proc to my dll, if that's how it work!

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

I found this...
https://www.ruby-forum.com/topic/83478

but I can't grasp on how to do it!

That's a very advanced concept.. and the author admits it's not working yet.

Go thru and read the SCF topics listed on my [ info ] post.

@alienizer said:

I can get my C code to call ruby functions in the ruby dll but I can't get it to call a user function in my sketchup .rb script!

I'm not sure how to register the callback, and how to pass the user proc to my dll, if that's how it work!

#! ruby
module Alien

  @@my_set=[]

  def self.callback(a, *b)
    @@my_set = b.collect {|i| i*a }
    puts(@@my_set)
  end

end # module

// C
  rb_eval_string("Alien.callback(9, 1, 2, 3)")

Alienizer

Is that all
It works like a charm Dan

Maybe I'll drop programming and go get a job at McDonalds. You are the genius here. Thanks a million.

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

Is that all

Well.. it's the simplest example,... but the slowest.

Later on when you want speed, you may wish to use one of rb_funcall, rb_funcall2 or rb_funcall3

Something like (untested):

// C
#include "ruby.h"

VALUE modAlien; // C-side id of your module

static VALUE c_add_two(VALUE self, VALUE anInt)
{
  // make a callback to Ruby
  rb_funcall(modAlien,rb_intern("callback"),4,
             anInt,
             INT2NUM(1),
             INT2NUM(2),
             INT2NUM(3));
  // now return the arg plus 2
  return INT2NUM( NUM2INT(anInt)+2 );
}

// other DLL functions
BOOL APIENTRY DllMain( HANDLE hModule, DWORD  ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
  return TRUE;
}


// Entry point for Ruby require() method;
void Init_ExactcaseFilenameofDLL()
{
  modAlien = rb_define_module("Alien")
  // define the Alien.add_two(arg) method;
  rb_define_singleton_method(modAlien, "add_two", c_add_two, 1);
}

If your DLL file was named KillAliens.DLL
then the Init function must be named Init_KillAliens
otherwise require() will puke out an entry point not found error.
(Also happens if someone changes the case or name of the DLL file after compilation.)

Alienizer

That's what I tried to do at first, but failed with exception errors all over. I wasn't using INT2NUM or anything. I was going the wrong way, not knowing what I was doing. I wish I knew what you know.

Thanks Dan, your help was more than helpfull, and much appreciated. Without your help, I'd still be in the dark.

Dan Rathbun

Yes well I was a cubscout.

If your not going to be calling a method within a loop, where speed is an issue, the rb_eval_string makes more sense. Less code to debug, less things to go wrong.

Alienizer

@unknownuser said:

// Entry point for Ruby require() method:
void Init_ExactcaseFilenameofDLL()

If I put my dll in plugins/test/ along with test.rb, does SK load both or do I have to (require "test.dll") in the .rb script?

I did have void Init_test() and exported it too, but I still get this error...

Error Loading File test.rb
(eval):16:in `initialize': LoadLibrary: C:/Program Files (x86)/Google/Google SketchUp 8/Plugins/test/test.dll

which is the following line in the .rb script...

$testproc = Win32API.new("test.dll", "test", ["V"], "V")

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

@unknownuser said:

// Entry point for Ruby require() method:
void Init_ExactcaseFilenameofDLL()

If I put my dll in plugins/test/ along with test.rb, does SK load both or do I have to (require "test.dll") in the .rb script?

No SK does not load either of them automatically, and does not autoload DLL files.
use:
require("test.dll")
within the Ruby script to load it.

@alienizer said:

I did have void Init_test() and exported it too, but I still get this error...

I don't think you need to export it, unless you use win system calls.

@alienizer said:

Error Loading File test.rb
(eval):16:in `initialize': LoadLibrary: C:/Program Files (x86)/Google/Google SketchUp 8/Plugins/test/test.dll

which is the following line in the .rb script...

$testproc = Win32API.new("test.dll", "test", ["V"], "V")

Why not just expose your C-side methods to Ruby, like shown in the example above?

That way the C code can be compiled on both platforms as a .so file. (Windows users won't need to use Win32API calls.)

Also... I think a void or empty parameter is called like:
$testproc = Win32API.new("test.dll", "test", [], "V")

Alienizer

I have a testloader.rb in the plugins directory that is...

$;.push Sketchup.find_support_file("Plugins/test/")
Sketchup;;require 'test'

...and then my test.rb loads, and in turn, the alien.dll loads as well!

Does the dll load because I have $testproc = Win32API.new("alien.dll", "test", [, "V")] in the rb script?

I do not have a require("alien.dll") in the rb script, do I still need to put it in?

All goes well in C and in Delphi. But in FPC using the same identical code as Delphi, SK gives me that error I posted last. I do it in C but my wife knows nothing about C and she's learning Pascal, so she use Lazarus/FPC. Any ideas why the FPC dll won't load in SK but it will load using any other test app I made to test it!!

Alienizer

@unknownuser said:

That way the C code can be compiled on both platforms as a .so file. (Windows users won't need to use Win32API calls.)

So than, how do you call a function in the dll if you don't use Win32API calls?

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

@unknownuser said:

That way the C code can be compiled on both platforms as a .so file. (Windows users won't need to use Win32API calls.)

So than, how do you call a function in the dll if you don't use Win32API calls?

You expose them to Ruby (which itself is written in C,) by using the C-side functions:
rb_define_method, rb_define_module_function, & rb_define_singleton_method

I showed you an example of creating a C-side function c_add_two( anInt ), that is exposed to Ruby as the module method Alien.add_two( intarg )

You can actually write your entire Ruby module in C.

Again, I suggest you take the time to read the "Extending Ruby" from "Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide" (aka the "Pick-Axe" book.) The link is #3 in the 2nd post of this thread.

I don't have anything to say about writing Ruby extensions in any code except C/C++, other than to say "good luck" and you may wish to look at SWIG. (Links on the [Info] posting, #1 above, in second post.)

Alienizer

oh ok, I get it. So in my loader, I can simply have it load the dll which will do all of what the rb does, and remove the rb alltogether?

I am reading up on your links, much to read and learn!

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

I have a testloader.rb in the plugins directory that is...

$;.push Sketchup.find_support_file("Plugins/test/")
> Sketchup;;require 'test'

...and then my test.rb loads, and in turn, the alien.dll loads as well!

Does the dll load because I have $testproc = Win32API.new("alien.dll", "test", [, "V")] in the rb script?

Yes, it is loaded by the Ruby Win32API class (which is written in C,) which calls the Windows API C function LoadLibrary. But this is Win32 platform specific, and the functions to be called must have been exported.

@alienizer said:

I do not have a require("alien.dll") in the rb script, do I still need to put it in?

Depends.. yes if you want to write extensions that expose the C-side functions, as Ruby methods; and if you plan to have your extensions be cross-platform (also compiled on Mac Xcode with as few changes as possible.)

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

oh ok, I get it. So in my loader, I can simply have it load the dll which will do all of what the rb does, and remove the rb alltogether?

Well.. yes. That's what all the Ruby extended libraries do. They are compiled .so (shared object) files that create the Ruby classes and all their methods, that Ruby scripters use.

However.. the loader is actually the require() method, and the library is loaded on demand when it's needed.

Alienizer

I see. So if I use require "test.so" in my loader, then I bypass win32api and it can be cross-platform? Can the dll do everything the rb can do? How do you get the Sketchup:: object in the dll? I suppose I need sketchup.h or something?

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

I see. So if I use require "test.so" in my loader, then I bypass win32api and it can be cross-platform?

Yes.. because an edition of Ruby is compiled for the platform it will run on (or even compiled on the user's platform itself.)
There is a standard platform subdir, beneath the Ruby lib dir, whose name is equal to the Ruby constant RUBY_PLATFORM.
On each platform, the Ruby require() method's C-side code, will use a platform specific API call to load shared library files (.so,.o,.dll,.dylib,...)
So on Windows, require() is likely to be calling LoadLibrary from the kernel32.dll library. On another platform such as OSX, the name of the Lib file, and the load function may differ, but in the Ruby C source, conditional defines will take care of all that.

So your code would also need to be compiled on both platforms. I don't have a Mac, but I imagine a few tweaks may be necessary, such as conditional defines, etc.

@alienizer said:

Can the dll do everything the rb can do?

I would expect so. You must realize the Ruby is written in C, and creates C objects.
A Ruby script is just an invention for human readability and productivity.
The Ruby interpreter DLL (msvcrt-ruby18.dll) reads and converts the script-type definition blocks (for modules, classes and methods,) into C calls using the functions that begin with "rb_"

@alienizer said:

How do you get the Sketchup:: object in the dll? I suppose I need sketchup.h or something?

The Sketchup object is a Ruby module, and you can call any of it's module methods from the C-side using rb_eval_string

//C
  int_ver_major = NUM2INT( rb_eval_string("Sketchup.version.to_i") );

However if you wish to use rb_funcall, you create a C-side identifier for it at the top of your code, and then in the Init_dllname function, you "init" it using rb_define_module("Sketchup"), like so:

//C

VALUE modSketchup;

// Entry point for Ruby require() method;
void Init_ExactcaseFilenameofDLL()
{
  modSketchup = rb_define_module("Sketchup");
}

Since the module already exists, it's not re-created, your just making a handle to it. (The Sketchup Ruby API objects are created in a similar way, but are part of the sketchup.exe. When Sketchup loads, the last 3 things it does is, load the Ruby interpreter DLL, define the Ruby API objects, and process the Plugins & Tools folders.)

Alienizer

aaaaaaaaaaah OK, now it's clear to me. I can see exactly what you mean and how this works.

Dan, thank you so much for your time to explain all this to me. I don't know how to thank you enough, and I wish I could return the favor, but you are obviously way above me that there is nothing you can learn from me. I realy appreciate it Dan.

Now I'm gonna go play.........

Alienizer

Dan, one last question, can the dll be compiled in 64bit or does it have to be 32bit like SK?

Does the handle return by rb_define_module('Sketchup') correspond to the ISkpApplication interface?

Dan Rathbun

@alienizer said:

Dan, one last question, can the dll be compiled in 64bit or does it have to be 32bit like SK?

I would say 32bit, because the Ruby that Sketchup loads is also 32bit. There is a 64bit Ruby edition, but it may be in the 1.9.x branch, which Sketchup cannot load even 1.9.x 32bit.

@alienizer said:

Does the handle return by rb_define_module('Sketchup') correspond to the ISkpApplication interface?

I would say "not exactly". There may be some C++ methods from that interface, that are "Ruby wrapped" into the Sketchup module, as well as others from different C++ objects.

Getting a handle on the application object (and from there it's window object, and then it's UI element objects, and so on...) are methods that the current Ruby Sketchup module lacks. You'll have to use a C++ call, as shown in the SDK examples to get the app handle.

Alienizer

Thank Dan. So far, everything works great, I even got this to work...

modUI = rb_define_module('UI');
menu = rb_funcall(modUI, rb_intern('menu'), 0, nil);

but I'm stuck on this one...

rb_funcall(menu, rb_intern('add_item'), 1, rb_str_new2('File/Testing'));

It tells me "tried to create Proc object without a block"

Where do you learn all this? I can't find any docs on rb_intern or what to pass to it. I only guess!